Joe's Money

It’s odd.  Every financial adviser I’ve ever encountered swears up and down that their actively managed fund will out perform index funds hands down.  However, statistics show otherwise.  Statistics show that index funds out perform managed funds 80% of the time.  On top of that, of the 20% of managed funds that do out perform the index funds, how is one supposed to know which managed funds, or more importantly, WHEN the managed funds will be in that top 20%.

Lets take a quick look at the differences between actively managed funds and index funds.

Actively Managed Funds

The name is pretty obvious with actively managed funds.  It simply means that there is an individual or group of individuals that watch your funds.  They buy and sell based on their professional expertise.  Expenses are typically much higher than index funds because someone is actually “watching” your money.  Fees can be 1.5% or even higher.

Index Funds

Index funds are simple.  Index funds have literally a spread of all stocks on the market.  A little of this, a little of that.  Index funds do not have anyone watching your money.  As the market fluctuates as a whole, so do these funds.  They are bench marked against some of the biggest indexes like the DOW, S&P 500, Nasdaq, and many more.  Fees for these funds can be as low as .02%.

After reading the difference of the two types of funds, you’re probably thinking you’ve got to be kidding me!  I can let this run on auto-pilot and do better than the professionals?  The short answer is yes, or at least 80% of the time.  Remember that even though 20% do out perform the index funds, it is nearly impossible to tell which funds will, and even more difficult, when they will.  Heck, even if you do win, the margin of difference is usually so low the fees eat up the rest of superior gains.

In a nutshell, stick to index funds for the long term.  These funds are available in any style, conservative, moderate, aggressive, you name it.  Keep in mind, you will be investing for 20, 30, or more years.  Stick with your plan.

Stocks are simply a piece of ownership in a company.  While usually not a very big chunk of ownership, you can own a piece of any publicly traded company for a small price.

Companies generally start out as private companies, mom and pop if you will, but on a larger scale of course.  At this phase, most investors (Average Joe’s) cannot buy into the company via a stock.  When the mom and pop company starts to grow and needs more capital (Cash!) to increase production or open more stores, they offer an IPO.  An IPO is an “Initial Public Offering.”  This is the first time a stock will be available for the company in question.

So why buy a stock?  Stocks, in general, are the fastest way to grow your investment.  In simple terms, if the company you own the stock in is doing well, the price of the stock goes up.  Of course there are many factors that go into the price being driven up or down.  The current state of the economy, expected future growth or shrinkage, industry trends, etc.  Over the stock market’s history, the average return is 11%.  Keep in mind that is over a very long period of time.  The last year or so has shown us that this is not constant and you should be prepared at any time for extreme losses if you are in higher risk stocks/mutual funds.

The financial crisis hit individuals at all career levels.  The average 401k balance fell 30% to $45,500 from about $65,000.

The good news is, the recent rally has driven account balances back up to near pre-crisis balances.

The 401k hits affected everyone differently.  A 20 something that just started his of her career isn’t going ot be affected as much as someone nearing the retirement age.  Many people nearing retirement age didn’t have much focus on their retirement savings and never realocated to lower rusk securities.  This lack of action likely prevented many people from retiring as it was too late to correct the damage.

It also affected people in the middle age group.  Most of this group was also weighted heavily in stocks within their 401ks.

Unfortunately, many 401k contributors either lowered or stopped contributing all together when the markets started to drop.  While this seems like a good plan, generally 401k participants who continue to contribute at the same levels through down turns, make out better in the long run.  This is because you are able to but at a lower cost.  You get more shares for your money.  Over the last 100+ years, the market has made an average 11% return.  Based on statics, you can bet your accounts will grow again.  When you continue to contribute through a recession, your cost average per share goes down.  Example below.

You buy 100 shares of a stock or mutual fund for $10 each for a total of $1000.

You then buy another 100 shares or the same stock or mutual fund when the market is down.  Say the price is now $5 per share, or $500 total.

Your cost average is is now $7.50 per share.

Assuming the stock or mutual fund price continues to rise to say, $20 per share, you would have actually made more money on your investment by sticking in through the down trend.

Keep in mind that accounts like 401k are long term investment vehicles, usually 30 years or more.  Don’t let emotions drive your long term investment goals.  Stick with the facts.  The market on average, returns 11% per year.